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involves disaster preparedness and recovery plans. Staff training and public

awareness are essential to maintaining the integrity of collections. Preservation
makes sure future generations can access intellectual and cultural heritage without

degradation. In academic and research libraries, it directly supports the mission of
knowledge continuity. Effective preservation policies integrate traditional

conservation techniques with emerging technologies and standards.

5. Steps of Planning in Libraries

Planning in libraries is a strategic process that aligns resources, services, and

infrastructure with institutional goals and user needs. The significant steps involved

are:

A. Needs Assessment – Understanding user demographics, expectations, and
current service gaps.

B. Goal Setting – Defining clear, achievable goals aligned with the library’s
mission.

C. Resource Identification – Assessing financial, human, and technological

resources available or required.
D. Strategy Formulation – Developing action plans, schedules, and

responsibilities for meeting goals.
E. Implementation – Executing the plan with tracking and team coordination.

F. Evaluation and Feedback – Measuring outcomes against targets and
revising plans. Planning may be short-term (annual), medium-term (3–5

years), or long-term (strategic vision). It covers areas like budgeting,
collection development, staffing, automation, and outreach. Effective

planning ensures efficient service delivery, adaptability to change, and ideal

resource use. It also enhances accountability and fosters innovation in
library practices.

6. Library Standards

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